Oil burning apparatus



Aug. 16, 1932. s. CHADWICK ET AL OIL BURNING APPARATUS Original FiledJuly 27, 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet INVENTORS km H-wu M A TTU/CA'EXJ 1932- s.CHADWICK ET AL 1,871,952

OIL BURNING APPARATUS Original Filed July 21 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 4 M,M A A fro/m5 VJ Patented Au 16, 1932 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE LEE S.CHAD'W'ICK, OF SHAKER HEIGHTS, MARC RESEK, OF CLEVELAND HEIGHTS, AND

- JOHN ALGER DAHLSTROM, OF BAY VILLAGE, OHIO, ASSIGNORS 'IO PERFECTIONSTOVE COMPANY, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO, A CORPORATION OF OHIO OIL BURNINGAPPARATUS Original application filed July 27, 1929, Serial No. 381,600.Divided and this application 1930. Serial No. 488,610.

This invention relates to oil burners of the kind that are intended foruse principally with furnaces of standard type, the same being designedto be placed within the lower portion or ash pit of the furnace inoperative relation to the firebox or combustion chamber thereabove.

The present application is a division of one filed by us on July 27,1929, Serial No. 381,600.

The primary purpose of this invention is to provide an oil burner thatis especially quick and convenient of installation, it being unnecessarywith our improved burner to close any opening or space that is leftbetween the hearth of the burner and the wall of the furnace, inasmuchas the lower portion of the furnace below the hearth is closed to theadmission of superfluous or excess air by a proper emplacement of theburner, the air necessary for the, promotion of combustion enteringthrough a part of the burner structure. V

In line with the foregoing are the further objects of providing simpleand easilypperated means for regulating the air supply to the burner,and the designing of the burner so that the air admitted for combustionpurposes is utilized to prevent overheating of the parts of theapparatus, especially the motor. I. v

The. foregoing objects are attained in the embodiment of the inventionillustrated in the accompanying drawings wherein Fig. 1 is a centralvertical section from front to rear through our improved oil burningapparatus and the adjacent part of the furnace in which it is installed,the motor and certain of the burner parts being shown in elevation, andFig. 2 is a horizontal section on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1, looking up, asindicated by the arrows associated with said line.

The furnace, the lower portion of which is shown in Fig. 1, isdesignated generally by the reference numeral 1, and the same is ofstandard type and construction, and access is had to the ash pit 2thereof through the usual opening 3. The bottom of the ash pit is shownas formed by the floor A, and above filed October 14,

the ash pit is the firebox or combustion chamber designated 4.

Our improved burner consists of three major parts which may be referredto, gen erally, as the lower or bottom unit assembly 5, the upper or topunit assembly 6, and the hearth 7. The structure comprising these threemajor parts is supported a suitable distance above the floor A by legs8, preferablythree in number, with the hearth 7 disposed in the lowerportion of the firebox or combustion chamber 4.

The lower unit assembly is made up of a circular bottom wall 9, acylindrical wall 10, and an annular top wall 11. The bottom Wall isdished throughout its central portion, as shown at 12, and is surroundedby a flange 13, while the top Wall 11 is formed with a peripheral flange14. The top and bottom edges of the cylindrical wall 10 are spot weldedor otherwise secured to the flanges of the respective walls 11 and, 9.For convenience of assembly, of the cylindrical wall 10 is maderemovable, as best disclosed in Fig. 2, said portion being designated15, and shown as held in place by thumb screws 16. tioned legs 8 arepreferably threaded through thimbles 17 whose upper ends are reduced andriveted within openings in the bottom' wall 9. By' reason of thisconstruction, the legs 8 are adjustable with respect to-the structure sothat the latter may be made level notwithstanding any irregularities inthe floor A. i

The inner end of an air supply conduit 18, shown as formed oftelescoping sleeves, is fitted through an opening in the front portionof the cylindrical wall 10 of the bottom unit assembly 5, the forwardend of said conduit projecting through a collar 19 that is applied toaplate 20 over'an opening 21 therein, and which plate closes the ash pitopening 3 of the furnace. From this it is evident that air can enter thelower portion of the furnace only by way of the air supply conduit 18.An air control damper 22 is adjustably connected to the front of the airsupply conduit 18, as by means of slotted tongues 23 through which bolts24 are engaged, said the front portion The previously menbolts extendingthrough apertures in the outer sleeve of the conduit 18 (and the upperone through a hole in a bracket 25) beyond which they are provided withwing nuts 26. The bracket 25 is in the form of-an angle whose innerbranch bears against the collar 19 and, therewith, is connected to theplate 20 by a screw 27 The inner end of the air supply conduit engages astop 28 that is fastened to the removable portion 15 of the wall 10. Acylindrical wire screen 29 is connected to, and is adjustable with, theair control damper 22 and extends into the conduit 18 for preventing theentrance of large pieces of foreign matter with the air.

The top unit assembly 6 includes a panlike housing whose body portion isdrawn from. sheet metal'to form a bottom 30 and a side wall 31. Theupper edge of said side wall is flanged outwardly at 32, and suitablysecured thereto is the periphery of a top'33, the central portion ofwhich is offset upwardly to form a cylindrical extension 34. Saidextension has formed integral with it an annular wall that surrounds anopening 36.

The hearth proper is made of suitable refractory material, such asfireclay or brick, preferably in sections, (although to preventconfusion of lines it is not so illustrated in the drawings) and thesame includes a rim 38 that rises from the edge of a flat bottom wall39, and this refractory body is contained within a sheet metal hearthreceptacle 40 that is supported by the top 33 of the upper unit assembly6. The hearth receptacle is shown as secured to said top 33 by screws 41whose heads are accommodated by a cavity in the bottom wall 39 of thehearth.

Suspended by bolts 45 from the annular top wall 11 of the lower unitassembly 1 is an electric motor 46. Situated centrally within the upperunit assembly 6, and secured to the bottom 30 thereof, is a reservoir 47to which fuel oil is conducted through a pipe 48 from any suitablesource.' It may be explained that the shaft of the motor 46 extendsvertically through the reservoir 47 and supports thereabove a fuelatomizer 49, provided about its exterior, above the opening 36, with fanblades 50.

Current is supplied to the motor 46 through suitable conductors (notshown) and when said motor is energized it whirls the atomizer 49, thedirection of rotation being from right to left as the parts are viewedin Fig. 1. By reason of the nature and design of the atomizer and theoil reservoir 47, a detailed description of which will be found in theparent application above identified, oil is caused to travel upwardly bycentrifugal action from the reservoir and through the atomizer and ishurled from the discharge lip thereof, which is immediately above thefan blades 50, outwardly in a spray attainment of the first advantage.

or sheet over the bottom wall 39 of the hearth toward the rim 38thereof. At the same time, due to the action of the fan blades 50, airis drawn in through the supply conduit 18, upwardly through the interiorof the bot tom unit assembly about the motor 46, through the holes 56 (apart of the air passng through the holes 57 and a passageway which leadsupwardly through the fuel reservoir and the atomizer to supply theprimary air to the flame). The air admitted to the top unit assembly 6through the relatively large openings 56 passes out by way of thecentral opening 36 in the upwardly extended portion of the top 33. Thisentraining of the air about the burner parts has the two advantages:first, of maintaining the burner parts relatively cool; and, secondly,of preheating the air so thatit will have a vaporizing effect upon thefuel oil, the preheating of the air resulting, of course, from the airabsorbing heat from the burner parts in the Immediately after the motoris started and the oil and air are hurled outwardly into the confines ofthe hearth, the combustible mixture is ignited by the pilot burner 60and is defiected upwardly by the hearth rim 38.

The air supply may be varied in order to obtain the most efiicientmixture and a satisfactory fiame by the adjustment of the air controldamper 20, in the manner hereinbefore described.

By restricting the air supply to that entering through the conduit 18,it is unnecessary to close off the space between the rim of the hearthand the surrounding wall of the furnace, thus greatly simplifying theinstallation of the burner and making it possible to conveniently useone size burner with furnaces having combustion chambers of diiferentdiameters and horizontal cross-sectional shapes. The facility ofinstallation will be more fully appreciated when it is remembered thataccess to the space between the rim of the hearth and the surroundingwall of th combustion chamber is very difficult after the oil burningapparatus is emplaced.

Having thus described our invention, what we claim is:

1. In combination, a furnace enclosing'a combustion chamber, and anelectric motor driven oil burning a paratus situated in the furnacebelow said c amber, the portion of the furnace below the combustionchamber through said passage,

combustion chamber, and a motor driven oil through said passage, andmeans for controlburning apparatus situated in the furnace be- 1i lowsaid chamber, the portion of the furnace n the flow of air therethrough.

fn testimony whereof, we hereunto afiix below the combustion chamberhaving an air our signatures.

admitting opening and being otherwise a proximately air tight so thatall air for tl ie promotion of combustion is admitted through saidopening, the apparatus enclosing a passage registering with said openingfor delivering all air entering therethrough to the zone of combustion,the motor of the apparatus being situated within the passage in closeproximity to said zone, and means for controlling the flow of airthrough said passage.

3. In combination, a furnace enclosing a combustion chamber, a motordriven oil burning apparatus in the furnace below said chamber, saidapparatus having an air passage and incorporating a hearth, the motor ofthe apparatus being situated in said passage in close proximity to saidhearth, the portion of the furnace below the hearth be-' ingapproximately air tight so that all air for the promotion of combustionis admitted and means adjacent the inlet end of said passage forcontrolling the flow of air therethrough.

4. In combination, a furnace enclosing a combustion chamber and an ashpit therebelow, said ash pit having a door opening and being otherwiseclosed excepting for its communication with the combustion chamber, andan electric motor driven oil burning apparatus situated in the ash pit,the apparatus having an air passage registering with said door openingand incorporating a hearth whose periphery is spaced from thesurrounding wall of the furnace, the motor of the apparatus beingsituated in said passage in close proximity to said hearth, all air forthe promotion of combustion being admitted through said passage.

5. In combination, a furnace enclosing a combustion chamber, and oilburning apparatus in the furnace below said chamber, said apparatushaving an air passage and incorporating an electric motor for operatingit that is situated in said passage in close proximity to the zone ofcombustion, the portion of the furnace occupied by said apparatus beingapproximately air tight so.

that all air for the promotion of combustion is admitted through saidpassage.

6.- In combination, a furnace enclosinga combustion chamber, motordriven oil burning apparatus in the furnace below said chamber, saidapparatus having an air passage and incorporating a hearth, the motor ofthe apparatus being situated in said passage in close proximity to saidhearth, the portion of the furnace below the hearth being approximatelyair tight so that all air for the promotion of combustion is admittedLEE S. CHA-DWICK. MARC RESEK. JOHN ALGER DAHLSTROM.

